Among these sources, ancient texts like Mahabharata were referenced to understand the social structure, situations, and practices of old. Historians try to understand these trends by examining various sources like inscriptions, coins, and texts.

It also reveals how historians used various archaeological evidence like artefacts and relics from this period to find out more about the people and their life.Īfter the end of Harappan civilisation, several developments took place - agricultural settlements, new modes of disposal of the dead, the emergence of some of the earliest states and towns followed by empires and kingdoms. The first part of NCERT Book Class 12 history PDF talks about Harappan culture. Students will also get a look into how historians work in NCERT book class 12 history PDF – discover, read, look for clues in sources and finally interpret and interconnect them to piece together the past. Additionally, NCERT 12 history will strive to explore how each of these themes is interdependent. Similarly, contemporary world history old NCERT class 12 PDF, which has been divided into three parts, will explore various themes of Indian history, namely – economic, cultural, social, political, and religious factors. In class 11, students learned about different themes of world history in detail. Studying history is crucial since we can only make sense of our current world if we have a deeper understanding of our past.

History class 10 ncert pdf